Representatives from indigenous peoples around the world met in Anchorage last week to discuss the impacts of climate change on their communities and cultures, and the best ways to address the climate crisis. Youth leaders were there as well, from the Pacific, Asia, North America, Africa, South America, and the Arctic, including young leaders from Alaska.
As the summit drew to a close, the most challenging issue was whether or not to include a moratorium on new fossil fuel development in the formal declaration. In regional and thematic caucuses the majority agreed with the action, saying it only made sense to deal with the cause instead of only the symptoms. The youth also called for a moratorium, reminding their elders that they would be the ones dealing with the crisis in coming decades. As representatives from one region opposed the moratorium and asked for more compromised language in the consensus document, the youth came to the floor.
"We refuse to compromise our futures!" declared Kandi Mossett, the Tribal Campus Climate Challenge Organizer for Indigenous Environmental Network and a member of Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nations located on the Fort Berthold Reservation in North Dakota.
As the debate continued, growing increasingly tense, it looked like the moratorium might be cut from the declaration. The youth caucus had an emergency meeting and decided that given the importance of the summit and the upcoming UN Copenhagen climate conference, there must be a strong and clear declaration. Someone had to come out with one, and it looked like it would have to be them.
Miss South Pacific spoke for the youth as they stood up around her, echoing a sentiment expressed earlier by Mossett. "We refuse to compromise on our future," she told the assembly. If you put forth a weak and compromised document, we will come out with a declaration of our own.
In the end, the declaration contained two options regarding the moratorium. The first, endorsed by the youth, states "We call for the phase out of fossil fuel development and a moratorium on new fossil fuel developments on or near Indigenous lands and territories."
The declaration also calls for emission reduction targets of at least 45% below 1990 levels by 2020 and at least 95% by 2050. According to Eriel Tchekwie Deranger, a member of the Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation in Canada, "In order to do that we have to phase out fossil fuels. ... We need to have a moratorium in order to meet those goals."
Anchorage Daily News quoted Andrea Sanders, an Alaskan youth and Renewable Energy Organizer for the Union of Concerned Scientists:
"To be honest, it is all about the drilling," said youth caucus member Andrea Sanders of Bethel. She said some of the delegates representing areas dependent on oil for revenue and jobs are afraid to support a moratorium out of the criticism they would face when returning home.
Sanders said renewable energy is the way to go. "People think that is going to ruin all the jobs, but people working in the oil field on the (North) Slope can be working on new renewable energy projects."